An offshore wind farm is a power plant. The offshore wind substation market supplies the electrical infrastructure that makes it work.

The Wind Farm Electrical System

The [LSI keyword: offshore wind substation market] is a key part of the wind farm's balance of system. The turbines generate AC power at medium voltage (33 kV or 66 kV). The offshore wind substation market for "inter-array" cables (connecting turbines to the substation) is a related market. The substation collects the power and steps it up to a higher voltage (usually 220 kV or 400 kV). The offshore wind substation market for "export" cables (from the substation to shore) is another related market. The substation also contains switchgear for protection and control. The offshore wind substation market for "reactive power" compensation (using capacitor banks or STATCOMs) is often integrated into the substation. The offshore wind substation market for "earthing" (grounding) is essential for safety.

The offshore wind substation market is segmented by wind farm capacity (MW). Larger wind farms require larger substations with more transformers. The offshore wind substation market for "multiple" substations (one for each phase of development) is common. The offshore wind substation market for "offshore" platforms are typically rated for 25-30 years of service.

AC vs. HVDC for Wind

The offshore wind substation market for "AC" substations is standard for wind farms within 80 km of shore. The offshore wind substation market for "HVDC" is used for farther distances. HVDC substations are more complex and expensive, but the lower transmission losses over long distances justify the cost. The offshore wind substation market for "HVDC" requires converter stations (using voltage-source converters – VSCs). The offshore wind substation market for "HVDC" is growing as wind farms move further offshore (e.g., into deeper water). The offshore wind substation market for "hybrid" systems (AC collection, HVDC transmission) is common.

As the offshore wind substation market continues to evolve, the focus will be on "standardization" of substation design, on "floating" substations for deepwater wind farms, and on "digital" monitoring (using fiber optic sensors). The offshore wind farms segment is the largest end-use . The offshore wind substation is the electrical hub of the wind farm; without it, the power from the turbines could not reach the shore.

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